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The Inclusion Model in CINIA: Disability as a Labor Competency in Mexico – A Case Study on the Protection vs. Autonomy Dilemma
María Vanessa Romero Ortíz
Universidad Politécnica de Puebla, México
Felipe Machorro Ramos and Crishelen Kurezyn Díaz
Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, México
Volume 19: 2026, pp. 00-00; ABSTRACT
This case examines CINIA, a Mexican social enterprise that reframes disability as a
competitive labor competency. Employing over 1,100 individuals with intellectual, sensory, or
motor disabilities, CINIA operates under the Social Model of Disability, emphasizing dignity and
autonomy. However, its structured environment—key to initial success—now reveals critical
tensions: professional stagnation, limited career mobility, and a "benefits trap" that discourages
formal employment. CEO Fernando Diez faces a strategic dilemma: whether to consolidate the
protective model, replicate it regionally, or pursue a hybrid path balancing growth and security. The
decision will determine whether CINIA remains a lifelong sanctuary or becomes a catalyst for
broader systemic inclusion. The case is designed to apply core OB theories to analyze dilemmas in
motivation, job design, burnout, and career development in a sheltered employment setting. It is
especially suitable for OB/HR advanced courses focusing on diversity, motivation, job design, and
organizational culture.
Keywords: social enterprise, disability inclusion, protective-autonomy paradox, benefits trap, labor
competency, Mexico, Social Model of Disability, strategic dilemma.
